什么是储蓄与放款协会
接受存款人的储蓄并使用这些资金来借贷给购屋者的金融机构。储蓄和放款协会起源於18世纪的英国建筑协会,那里的工人们联合起来集资修建房屋。美国第一家储蓄和放款协会在1831年成立於费城。储蓄和放款协会最初是协会股东的合作机构,股东根据利润提仑红利。但今天的储蓄和放款协会已经成为了双边的机构,可提供多种储蓄方案。它们因可以向其他金融机构贷款来经营抵押证券、货币市场票证和股票而不一定要依靠个人储蓄来提供资金。由於1970年代的高通货膨胀和不断提高的利率已使利率的抵押利润极度减少,储蓄和放款协会的条规得到了改进,它们获准对抵押进行改动。1980年代後期,大量的储蓄和放款协会因对抵押的不当调整导致的投资风险和诈骗而倒闭。政府因此被迫提供2000多亿美元来赔偿损失,1989年联邦储蓄与贷款保险集团破产。其保险功能被一个由联邦储蓄保险公司监管的新组织接手管理,後成立了清债信托公司来解决破产的储蓄与放款协会的问题。
savings and loan association
Financial institution that accepts savings from depositors and uses those funds primarily to make loans to home buyers. Savings and loan associations (S&Ls) originated with 18th-century British building societies, in which workmen banded together to finance the building of their homes. The first U.S. savings and loan was established in Philadelphia in 1831. S&Ls were initially cooperative institutions in which savers were shareholders in the association and received dividends in proportion to profits, but today are mutual organizations that offer a variety of savings plans. They are not obliged to rely on individual deposits for funds but are permitted to borrow from other financial institutions and to market mortgage-backed securities, money-market certificates, and stock. Because high inflation and rising interest rates in the 1970s made fixed-rate mortgages unprofitable, regulations were altered to permit S&Ls to renegotiate mortgages. In the late 1980s, a growing number of S&Ls failed because inadequate regulation had allowed risky investments and fraud to flourish. The government was obliged to cover vast losses in excess of $200 billion, and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp. (FSLIC) became insolvent in 1989. Its insurance functions were taken over by a new organization supervised by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., and the Resolution Trust Corp. was established to handle the bailout of the failed S&Ls.
-
隋侯之珠是什么意思?
意思是:隋:古国名。比喻珍贵的物品。成语名字:隋侯之珠成语发音:suíhóuzhīzhū成语解释:隋:古国名。比喻珍贵的物品。成语出处:《庄子让王》:“今且有人于此,以隋侯之珠,弹千仞之雀,世必笑之。是何也?则其所用者重,而所要者轻也。《淮南子览冥训》:“譬如隋侯之珠,和氏之璧...
-
鱼龙曼羡是什么意思?
意思是:喻世事变幻。成语名字:鱼龙曼羡成语发音:yúlóngmànxiàn成语解释:喻世事变幻。成语出处:清·龚自珍《小游仙词》之六:“顽仙一觉浑瞒过,不在鱼龙曼羡中。”成语繁体:魚龍曼羡感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:近代...
-
牛蹄之涔是什么意思?
意思是:涔:雨水。牛蹄印中的积水。形容水量极少。也比喻处在不能有所作为的境地。成语名字:牛蹄之涔成语发音:niútízhīcén成语解释:涔:雨水。牛蹄印中的积水。形容水量极少。也比喻处在不能有所作为的境地。成语出处:《淮南子汜论训》:“夫牛蹄之涔,不能生鳣鲔。”...
-
无可比象是什么意思?
意思是:没有什么可与譬比。成语名字:无可比象成语发音:wúkěbǐxiàng成语解释:没有什么可与譬比。成语出处:宋·张君房《云笈七签》第71卷:“焕彻如寒霜素雪之状,又似钟乳垂穗之形,五色备具,无可比象。”成语繁体:無可比象感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;指没有...