什么是直觉主义
荷兰数学家布劳尔(1881~1966)开启的数学思想学派。直觉主义坚决主张数学论轮的主要目的是心智的建构。直觉主义人士挑战许多数学最古老的定律,若没有建设性就不具数学意义。例如直觉主义人士在涉及无限集合的数学证明之中不容许使用排中律(参阅thought, laws of)。在後设伦理上(参阅ethics),直觉主义是一种认知论,坚持有客观存在的道德真理,用合理的直觉可以去理解,正如在数学上确认的一些不言而喻的真理。寇德华斯、摩尔(1614~1687)与克拉克(1675~1729)等人说明在事件与行动之间的恰当与否的道德判断是来自理智的直觉。伦理学的直觉主义由一些着名的思想家支持,例如普来斯(1723~1791);在20世纪则与普里查德(1871~1947)和罗斯的研究联想在一起。
intuitionism
School of mathematical thought introduced by the Dutch mathematician Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer (1881-1966). It contends that the primary objects of mathematical discourse are mental constructions. Intuitionists have challenged many of the oldest principles of mathematics as being nonconstructive and hence mathematically meaningless. For example, intuitionists do not admit the use of the law of excluded middle (see laws of thought) in mathematical proofs in which all members of an infinite class are involved. In metaethics (see ethics), intuitionism is a form of cognitivism that maintains that there are objective moral truths that can be known by a kind of rational intuition akin to that by which we recognize self-evident truths in mathematics. Ralph Cudworth, Henry More (1614-1687), and Samuel Clarke (1675-1729) asserted that moral distinctions arise from an intellectual intuition of "fitness or unfitness" between circumstances and actions. Ethical intuitionism attracted the support of a line of distinguished thinkers, including Richard Price (1723-1791); in the 20th century, it was associated with the work of Harold Arthur Prichard (1871-1947) and W. D. Ross.
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先意承颜是什么意思?
意思是:同“先意承志”。成语名字:先意承颜成语发音:xiānyìchéngyán成语解释:同“先意承志”。成语出处:北齐·颜之推《颜氏家训·勉学》:“未知养亲者,欲其观古人之先意承颜,怡声下气。”成语繁体:先意承顔感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;指奉承上级成语结构...
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以佚待劳是什么意思?
意思是:见“以逸待劳”。成语名字:以佚待劳成语发音:yǐyìdàiláo成语解释:见“以逸待劳”。成语出处:《孙子·军争》:“以近待远,以佚待劳,以饱待饥,此治力者也。”成语繁体:以佚待勞感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:古代成...
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无疆之休是什么意思?
意思是:无限美好;无穷幸福。成语名字:无疆之休成语发音:wújiāngzhīxiū成语解释:无限美好;无穷幸福。成语出处:《尚书·太甲中》:“皇天眷佑有商,俾嗣王克终厥德,实万世无疆之休。”成语繁体:無畺之休感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语;用于书面语成语结构:偏正式成语产生...
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悬车之岁是什么意思?
意思是:见“悬车之年”。成语名字:悬车之岁成语发音:xuánchēzhīsuì成语解释:见“悬车之年”。成语出处:清·梁章钜《归田琐记·七十致仕》:“若今日未及四十,早入仕途,则致仕之期,即不必以七十为限……故余两次引归,皆未及悬车之岁。”成语繁体:懸車之歲感情色彩:中性...