什么是日本建筑
日本传统建筑。早期的日本建筑风格是约出现於西元前400年、由草舖成屋顶的矮房或以茅草为顶的谷仓,以及由土堆成的墓穴(kofun)。佛教寺院则是依中国及韩国的样式修改而成,讲求对称、繁复的边缘装饰,有蜿蜒的回廊,有时会有佛塔(pagoda)、金堂(Golden Hall; kondo)、钟楼(belfry)及住宿区。瓷砖、石头和木材为屋顶的必要建材,屋体结构则以石头为基底的木柱支撑,平面结构则复杂程度不一。法隆寺(Horyu-ji)以不对称的设计和轮廓则为日式建筑中的异数。家居建筑的则以中规中矩的乡村建物为其特色,有简洁的观赏庭院、走廊及推开後即可远观自然景致的拉门,而改良的茶室及书房(tsuke shoin)则是为了符合沈思的需求而制。由於19世纪晚期快速吸收西方科技,日本建筑亦开始以砖块、石块和强化水泥取代木材。战後日本最大的建筑成就即在传统形式的当代诠释。参阅shinden-zukuri、shoin-zukuri、sukiya style。
Japanese architecture
Building traditions of Japan. Early building types were the grass-roofed pit house, raised thatched-roof granary (c. 400 BC), and mound tomb (kofun). Buddhist temples were first modeled on the Chinese and Korean form, a symmetrical complex bordered by a continuous roofed cloister usually containing a pagoda, Golden Hall (kondo), belfry, and living quarters. Roof tiles, stone, and wood were the essential materials. Structures relied on wood pillars placed on stone bases; horizontal elements were added in varying degrees of complexity. With Horyu-ji finally appeared the distinctive Japanese approach: asymmetrical layouts following the contours of the land. Domestic architecture became marked by unpretentiously rustic buildings, meticulously designed viewing gardens, verandas, and sliding panels offering vistas on nature. The need for a place of contemplation led to the evolution of both the tea room and study room (tsuke shoin). The late 19th century saw a rapid assimilation of Western technology, with brick, stone, and reinforced concrete displacing wood. Postwar Japan's finest architectural achievements are in contemporary interpretations of traditional forms. See also shinden-zukuri, shoin-zukuri, sukiya style.
-
林林总总是什么意思?
林林总总形容杂乱众多。形容人或事物众多。这个词出自于:唐·柳宗元《贞符》:惟人之初,总总而生,林林而群。意思是:人类在原始阶段群居杂处。造句:1、商店里的商品林林总总,数不胜数。2、林林总总的商品令他目不转睛。3、世界上的景物林林总总,变幻多姿。4、在林...
-
祝孩子生日快乐的句子
1、宝贝祝福的每一天都如画一样的美丽!生日快乐!2、愿你生命中的愿望都能得到实现!生日快乐!3、身体强壮,快快长大,越长越可爱哦。4、愿你的生日特别快乐,愿新的一年中心想事成!5、希望你身体强壮,快快长大,越长越可爱哦。6、生日快乐,儿子!无论你怎样妈妈为你而...
-
0是什么意思
0是什么意思的答案是:0是介于-1和1之间的整数,零是汉语通用规范一级字0是介于-1和1之间的整数,是最小的自然数,也是有理数。0既不是正数也不是负数,而是正数和负数的分界点。0没有倒数,0的相反数是0,0的绝对值是0,0的平方根是0,0的立方根是0,0乘任何数都等于0,除0之外任...
-
世界四大名校是哪四大名校
哈佛大学(HarvardUniversity),简称哈佛,坐落于美国马萨诸塞州波士顿都市区剑桥市,是一所享誉世界的私立研究型大学,是著名的常春藤盟校成员。截止2018年3月,这里走出了8位美利坚合众国总统,157位诺贝尔奖得主(世界第一)、18位菲尔兹奖得主(世界第一)、14位图灵奖得主...