什么是明治维新
1868年推翻德川幕府,还政给明治天皇的政治革命。在19世纪,德川幕府的锁国政策受到俄国、英国和美国的挑战,使日本的封建领导人意识到在西方船坚炮利的优势下,日本显得特别脆弱。在美国海军准将伯理「造访」後,日本被迫签定了一系列不平等条约,包括给予西方列强特权,如同他们在中国一样。而年轻的武士阶级「侍」对幕府的统治一向不满,他们揭竿而起反抗政府。1868年1月他们宣布大政归还天皇,1869年5月最後几支幕府军被迫投降。革命者迫使天皇颁布五条誓文,彻底与过去的封建阶级决裂,并寻求「富国强兵」之道。明治维新後开展了明治时代,是日本一段迅速现代化和西化的时期。亦请参阅Choshu、Ii Naosuke、Okubo Toshimichi、saigo Takamori、Satsuma、Tosa。
Meiji Restoration
Overthrow of Japan's Tokugawa shogunate and restoration to power of the Meiji emperor in 1868. In the 19th century, the Tokugawa shogunate's policy of isolation was challenged by Russia, England, and the U.S., making Japanese feudal leaders aware of Japan's vulnerability to superior Western firepower. After the visit of Commodore Matthew Perry, the country was forced to sign a series of unequal treaties, which, as in China, gave Western nations special privileges in Japan. In response, young samurai from feudal domains historically hostile to the Tokugawa regime took up arms against the government. In January 1868 they announced the restoration of the emperor to power, and in May 1869 the last Tokugawa forces surrendered. The revolutionaries had the emperor issue the Charter Oath, which promised a break with the feudal class restrictions of the past and a search for knowledge that could transform Japan into a “rich country with a strong military.” The Restoration ushered in the Meiji period, a time of rapid modernization and westernization. See also Choshu, Ii Naosuke, Okubo Toshimichi, Saigo Takamori, Satsuma, Tosa.
-
掩人耳目是什么意思?
意思是:掩:遮盖。堵住人家耳朵;遮着人家的眼睛。比喻用假象迷惑;欺骗人。成语名字:掩人耳目成语发音:yǎnréněrmù成语解释:掩:遮盖。堵住人家耳朵;遮着人家的眼睛。比喻用假象迷惑;欺骗人。成语出处:《新刊大宋宣和遗事》:“事迹显然,虽欲掩人之耳目,不可得也。”常用程度...
-
透骨酸心是什么意思?
意思是:形容极度伤心。成语名字:透骨酸心成语发音:tòugǔsuānxīn成语解释:形容极度伤心。成语出处:《儿女英雄传》第五回:“她自己心中,以有一腔的弥天恨事,透骨酸心。感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;指十分伤心成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:近代成语老妈离世的...
-
骈首就死是什么意思?
意思是:同“骈首就戮”。成语名字:骈首就死成语发音:piánshǒujiùsǐ成语解释:同“骈首就戮”。成语出处:清·昭梿《啸亭杂录·西域用兵始末》:“呼其壮士出,以次斩戮,寂无一声,骈首就死。”成语繁体:駢首就死感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:...
-
席卷天下是什么意思?
意思是:形容力量强大,控制了全国。成语名字:席卷天下成语发音:xíjuǎntiānxià成语解释:形容力量强大,控制了全国。成语出处:汉·贾谊《过秦论》:“有席卷天下,包举宇内,囊括四海之意,并吞八荒之心。”成语繁体:蓆卷天下常用程度:常用成语感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语...