什么是香料与香草
各种栽培植物的乾制部分,内含芳香、辛辣、药用或其他人们所需要的物质。香料是热带、亚热带芳香或辛辣植物的制品,有小豆蔻、锡兰肉桂、丁香、姜和辣椒。香料籽包括茴芹、葛缕子、欧莳萝、茴香、罂粟科和芝麻。香草是墨角兰、薄荷、迷迭香和百里香等植物气味芬芳的叶片。在远古,香料和香草最主要的用途是制药、制造圣油和油膏,又可用作春药。也用作食物和饮料的调料,并抑制或遮掩食物变质。香料贸易(包括茶)在人类史上扮演着重要的角色。早期重要的贸易路线,包括亚洲与中东之间和欧洲与亚洲之间的路线,即是为取得外国香料与香草而形成的。15世纪时的探索之旅主要是因香料贸易而开始,17世纪时,葡萄牙和英属、荷属、法属东印度公司间为取得控制权而有激烈的战斗(参阅East India Company、East India Co., Dutch和East India Co., French)。
spice and herb
Dried parts of various plants cultivated for their aromatic, savory, medicinal, or otherwise desirable substances. Spices are the fragrant or pungent products of such tropical or subtropical species as cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, ginger, and pepper; spice seeds include anise, caraway, cumin, fennel, poppy, and sesame. Herbs are the fragrant leaves of such plants as marjoram, mint, rosemary, and thyme. The most notable uses of spices and herbs in very early times were in medicine, in the making of holy oils and unguents, and as aphrodisiacs; they were also used to flavor food and beverages and to inhibit or hide food spoilage. Trade in spices, including tea, has played a major role in human history. Important early trade routes, including those between Asia and the Middle East and between Europe and Asia, were initially forged to obtain exotic spices and herbs. The 15th-century voyages of discovery were launched largely as a result of the spice trade, and in the 17th century. Portugal and the British, Dutch, and French East India companies battled furiously for dominance (see British East India Co., Dutch East India Co., French East India Co.).
-
野无遗才是什么意思?
意思是:见“野无遗贤”。成语名字:野无遗才成语发音:yěwúyícái成语解释:见“野无遗贤”。成语出处:《魏书·阳尼传》:“举贤良,黜不肖,使野无遗才,朝无素餐。”成语繁体:野無遺才感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语、定语;指爱惜人才成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:古代成语...
-
沂水春风是什么意思?
意思是:沂水:河水名,在山东省曲阜县境内,孔子出生地。春风:春天和暖的风,比喻良好的熏陶和教育。来自沂水的春风。比喻深受孔学的教育与熏陶。成语名字:沂水春风成语发音:yíshuǐchūnfēng成语解释:沂水:河水名,在山东省曲阜县境内,孔子出生地。春风:春天和暖的风,比喻良好...
-
折冲之臣是什么意思?
意思是:谓忠勇之臣。成语名字:折冲之臣成语发音:shéchōngzhīchén成语解释:谓忠勇之臣。成语出处:《汉书·王尊传》:“刺讥不惮将相,诛恶不避豪强,诛不制之贼,解国家之忧,功著职修,威信不废,诚国家爪牙之吏,折冲之臣。”成语繁体:摺衝之臣感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语;...
-
朴斫之材是什么意思?
意思是:加工治理而尚未成器之材。成语名字:朴斫之材成语发音:pǔzhuózhīcái成语解释:加工治理而尚未成器之材。成语出处:晋·葛洪《抱朴子·博喻》:“肤表或不可以论中,望貌或不可以核能,仲尼似丧家之狗,公旦类朴斫之材。”感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语;用于书面语...